"Instant pulses" and some starmade's logic details

So, recently i've been toying with logic and more specifically with something i call "instant pulses". I also got the impression that they aren't really well known (along with another rule which might be useful) so i thought that maybe i could make a thread to explain how it works and how to use it.

Let's start with an example:
View attachment 12824

You might have recognized a Xor (exclusive or, true if its inputs are different) with...

"Instant pulses" and some starmade's logic details